Useful Conversions

Length

A \ B foot inch m cm mm µm nm
foot 1.00E+00 1,20E+01 3.05E-01 3.05E+01 3.05E+02 3.05E+05 3.05E+08
inch 8.32E-02 1.00E+00 2.54E.02 2.54E+00 2.54E+01 2.54E+04 2.54E+07
m 3.28E+00 3.94E+01 1.00E+00 1.00E+02 1.00E+03 1.00E+06 1.00E+09
cm 3.28E-02 3.94E-01 1.00E-02 1.00E+00 1.00E+01 1.00E+04 1.00E+07
mm 3.28E-03 3.94E-02 1.00E-03 1.00E-01 1.00E+00 1.00E+03 1.00E+06
µm 3.28E-06 3.94E-05 1.00E-06 1.00E_04 1.00E-03 1.00E+00 1.00E+03
nm 3.28E-09 3.94E-08 1.00E-09 1.00E-07 1.00E-06 1.00E-03 1.00E+00
Example:
12 inch (A) x 2.54E + 01 (B) = 3.05E + 02mm

Inertia

A\B lb-in2 lb-in-sec2 oz-in2 oz-in-sec2 kg-m2 kg-m-sec2 kg-cm2 kg-cm-sec2 N-m-sec2
lb-in2 1.00E+00 2.59E-03 1.60E+01 4.14E-02 2.93E-04 2.98E-05 2.93E+00 2.98E-03 2.93E-04
lb-in-sec2 3.86E+02 1.00E+00 6.18E+03 1.60E+01 1.13E-01 1.15E-02 1.13E+03 1.15E+00 1.13E+01
oz-in2 6.25E-02 1.61E-04 1.00E+00 2.59E-03 1.82E-05 1.86E-06 1.82E-01 1.86E-04 1.82E-05
oz-in-sec2 2.41E+01 6.25E-02 3.86E+02 1.00E+00 7.06E-03 7.20E-04 7.06E+01 7.20E-02 7.06E-03
kg-m2 3.42E+03 8.85E+00 5.46E+04 1.41E+02 1.00E+00 1.02E+01 1.00E+04 1.02E+01 1.00E+00
kg-m-sec2 3.35E+04 8.68E+01 5.36E+05 1.39E+03 9.81E+00 1.00E+00 9.81E+04 1.00E+02 9.81E+00
kg-cm2 3.42E-01 8.85E-04 5.46E+00 1.41E-02 1.00E-04 1.02E-05 1.00E+00 1.02E-03 1.00E-04
kg-cm-sec2 3.35E+02 8.68E-01 5.36E+03 1.39E+01 9.81E-02 1.00E-02 9.81E+02 1.00E+00 9.81E-02
Example:
20 kg-m-sec 2 (A) x 1.93E+03 (B) = 2.78E + 04 oz-in-sec 2

Torque

A\B oz-in\ lb=in gm-cm kg-cm kg-m N-m mN-m
oz-in 1.00E+00 6.25E-02 7.20E+01 7.20E-02 7.20E-04 7.06E-03 7.06E+00
lb-in 1.60E+01 1.00E+00 1.15E+03 1.15E+00 1.15E-02 1.12E-01 1.12E+02
gm-cm 1.39E-02 8.68E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E-03 1.00E-05 9.81E-05 9.81E-02
kg-cm 1.39E+01 8.68E-01 1.00E+03 1.00E+00 1.00E-02 9.81E-02 9.81E+01
kg-m 1.39E+03 8.68E+01 1.00E+05 1.00E+02 1.00E+00 9.8E+00 9.81E+03
N-m 1.42E+02 8.85E+00 1.02E+04 1.02E+01 1.02E-01 1.00E+00 1.00E+03
mN-m 1.42E+05 8.85E+03 1.02E+07 1.02E+04 1.02E+02 1.00E+03 1.00E+06
Example:
10 kg-m (A) x 9.81E + 00 (B) = 9.81E + 01 N-m

Force

A\B oz1 lb1 gm1 kg1 Newton
oz 1.00E+00 6.25E-02 2.84E+01 2.84E-02 2.78E-01
lb1 1.60E+01 1.00E+00 4.54E+02 4.54E-01 4.45E+00
gm1 3.53E-02 2.20E-03 1.00E+00 1.00E-03 9.80E-03
kg1 2.20E+00 2.20E+00 1.00E+03 1.00E+00 9.80E+00
Newton 3.60E+00 2.25E-01 1.02E+02 1.02E-01 1.00E+00
Example:
10 lbf(A) x 4.45E-01 (B) = 4.45-00 kgf

Mass

A \ B gm kg slug oz(m) lb(m)
gm 1.00E+00 1.00E-03 6.85E+05 1.00E+00 2.21E-03
kg 1.00E+03 1.00E+00 6.85E+02 3.53E+01 2.21E+00
slug 1.46E+04 1.46E+01 1.00E+00 5.15E+02 3.22E+01
oz(m) 2.84E+01 2.84E-02 1.94E-03 1.00E+00 6.25E-02
lb(m) 4.54E+02 4.54E-01 3.11E-02 1.60E+01 1.00E+00
Example:
15 slug (A) x1.46E+01(B) = 2.19E+02 kg

Material Densities

Name oz/in 3 lb/in 3 gm/cm 3
Aluminum 1.57 0.098 2.72
Brass 4.96 0.310 8.60
Bronze 4.72 0.295 8.17
Copper 5.15 0.332 8.91
Plastic 0.64 0.040 1.11
Steel 4.48 0.280 7.75
Hard Wood 0.46 0.029 0.80
Soft Wood 0.28 0.018 0.48

Sliding Friction Coefficients (µ s )

Steel on Steel (dry) 0.580
Steel on Steel (lubed) 0.150
Aluminum on Steel 0.450
Copper on Steel 0.360
Brass on Steel 0.400
Plastic on Steel 0.200
Linear Roller Bearings 0.001

Metric Prefixes

Name Symbol Mult Number
Giga G 10 9 1,000,000,000
Mega M 10 6 1,000,000
Kilo k 10 3 1,000
Hecto h 10 2 100
deka da 10 1 10
- - - - 10 0 1
deci d 10 -1 0.1
centi c 10 -2 .01
milli m 10 -3 .001
micro µ 10 -6 .000001
nano n 10 -9 .000000001

Temperature

°F = (°C x 9/5) + 32 °C = (°F - 32) x 5/9